การใช้ prepositions บางทีก็สร้างความสับสนให้กับผู้ที่เริ่มต้นเรียนภาษาอังกฤษได้ไม่น้อย เนื่องจากมุมมองของการใช้คำศัพท์ต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมในแต่ละสังคมแต่ละภาษานั้นย่อมแตกต่างกันออกไป
เช่นภาษาไทยจะใช้คำว่า “ข้างฝา” ในขณะที่ภาษาอังกฤษจะใช้คำว่า “on the wall” เป็นต้น เพราะฉะนั้นในวันนี้ผมก็เลยจะนำเสนอ วิธีการใช้ prepositions เพื่อสร้าง Prepositional Phrases ให้เพื่อนๆได้เรียนรู้แล้วเอาไปใช้ให้ถูกต้องยังไงหล่ะครับ
Where?
at – used with places
at school
at work
at the bank
at the movies
at the mall
at the park
on – used with surfaces
on the table
on the wall
on the shelf
in – used to mean that something / someone is inside something else
in the room
in the drawer
in the desk
in the fridge / freezer
in the closet
near / close to – used for objects that are in the vicinity
near the bank
close to the hospital
near the hospital
close to the building
under / below – used to show something that is located under something else
under the chair
under the table
under the bed
below the shelf
below the table
below the TV
above / over – used to show something that is located above something else
above the door
over the garage
above the table
over the stove
When?
at – used with specific times and “night”
at three / five / seven o’clock
at five thirty
at half past six
at a quarter to ten
at night
in – morning / afternoon / evening
in the morning
in the afternoon
in the evening
BUT
at night
in – months / years
in 2014
in April
on – used with days
on Saturday
on Wednesday
before / after – used to show relation to another event
after class
before lunch
after the lesson
before the class
Which one?
in – used with clothing
in the jeans
in the shirt
in the dress
with – used with physical characteristics
with black hair
with blue eyes
with old paint
Which direction?
to – used with verbs of movement to show destination
to the bank
to the store
to the school
to the church
from – used with verbs of movement to show departing place
from the USA
from school
from work
form my friend’s house
towards – moving in the direction of something
towards the square
towards the park
towards the mall
up – moving from lower to higher
up the hill
up the street
up the stairs
down – moving from higher to lower
down the street
down the path
down the stairs
into – moving from outside to inside
into the garage
into the room
into the house
into the building
out of – moving from inside to outside
out of the garage
out of the room
out of the house
out of the building
ภาพจาก: articulation360